What does cultural diffusion primarily refer to?

Cultural diffusion primarily refers to the spreading of ideas and cultural practices from one culture to another through various means such as trade, migration, or communication. This concept emphasizes how cultural elements, including beliefs, technologies, customs, and social practices, are transmitted across societal boundaries, leading to cultural change and enrichment.

Option B captures this essence by highlighting the transference of ideas and issues between countries, which is a core aspect of cultural diffusion. This phenomenon can have significant impacts on societies by introducing new perspectives, practices, and innovations that can alter social dynamics and cultural identities.

In contrast, while merging of languages, adaptation by immigrant groups, and culinary exchanges are all relevant to cultural interactions, they represent more specific instances or dimensions of cultural diffusion, rather than encompassing its broad definition. Thus, the correct choice encapsulates the overall process and significance of cultural diffusion comprehensively.