What does hegemonic masculinity promote?

Hegemonic masculinity refers to a specific cultural ideal of manhood that emphasizes the dominance of heterosexual men over women and other gender identities. It promotes a social norm wherein traditional characteristics associated with masculinity—such as authority, control, and aggression—are prioritized. This concept highlights how societal structures are set up to support the interests and power of heterosexual men while marginalizing women and other masculinities.

The correct answer illustrates that hegemonic masculinity not only endorses the idea of male dominance but also reinforces gender inequalities in various social contexts, including the workplace, relationships, and media representations. By establishing a framework where heterosexual men are seen as the standard bearers of masculinity, it creates a hierarchy that subordinates women and perpetuates a culture of sexism and discrimination.

In contrast, the other options represent concepts that challenge or counteract the foundations of hegemonic masculinity. Promoting equality among all gender identities directly opposes the hierarchical nature of hegemonic masculinity. Nurturing and compassionate men, along with social roles that encourage emotional openness, also diverge significantly from traditional ideals, as they imply a more inclusive understanding of masculinity that values emotional expression and care rather than dominance and control.