How does conflict theory explain the motives behind joining gangs?

Conflict theory posits that society is characterized by conflicts stemming from inequalities in power and resources. From this perspective, individuals may turn to gangs as a means of economic survival, especially in environments where opportunities for legitimate employment are limited. Gangs can offer a sense of belonging and practical support for those who feel marginalized or disadvantaged by the broader social structure.

In economically depressed areas, individuals may perceive joining a gang as one of the few viable options available to achieve financial stability or access resources that are otherwise out of reach. This reflects the core conflict theory idea that those in lower socioeconomic classes may resort to alternative means—such as gang involvement—to navigate systemic barriers and satisfy their basic needs. Thus, gang membership can be seen as a strategy for survival in a context marked by inequality and limited opportunities.