University of Toronto (UofT) SOC100H1 Introduction to Sociology I – Sociological Perspectives Practice Exam

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• What describes assimilation in a societal context?
• What are the three components of wealth?
• What are 'statistical interactions' in sociological research?
• How is subtle discrimination typically described?
• Which of the following best defines biological sex?
• What accounts for the skepticism of newer generations toward science?
• What is primary socialization primarily characterized by?
• Which of the following would most likely be the main goal of a rebel?
• What is the focus of macro theory in sociology?
• What is the purpose of a pension plan?
• What defines mental health in sociological terms?
• What does the concept of 'interest convergence' imply?
• What is meant by cultural bias?
• What does epistemology study?
• How has technology impacted cultural stability in modern societies?
• What is a potential consequence of cultural imperialism?
• What is an example of a retreatist subculture?
• What is meant by structural sexism?
• How does offshoring affect local job markets?
• Which group is most frequently identified as crime suspects in various countries?
• What does the term 'shrinkflation' refer to in economic practices?
• What does Merton's Strain Theory suggest about societal goals and means?
• Which of the following best describes a retreatist in sociology?
• What is meant by 'systemic' in sociology?
• What are push factors in the context of immigration?
• Economic inequality refers to what?
• What does 'hidden curriculum' in education refer to?
• What does material culture encompass?
• What is meant by immigration in a sociological context?
• How is 'overt' commonly defined in sociological terms?
• What type of discrimination is characterized by overt negative behavior that can include harassment or exclusion?
• What does conflict theory suggest about the relationship between crime and economic inequality?
• What does 'Cultural Capital' refer to in the context of sociology?
• What encompasses social location bias?
• What does the term 'heteronormativity' imply?
• Which factor contributes to the growing power of Multi-National Corporations?
• What does the ubiquity of culture imply?
• Which type of capital encompasses one's social networks and shared norms?
• Which of the following is an effect of structural sexism?
• Which term describes viewing things negatively while experiencing a bad mood?
• What defines a labor union?
• Which of the following statements reflects Merton's view on society's influence on individuals?
• What does 'debt becoming invisible' refer to?
• What role do stereotypes play in gender socialization?
• In the context of business competition, what is the primary goal that companies prioritize to ensure survival?
• What is a consequence of structural sexism?
• What does symbolic interactionism primarily focus on?
• What are the expected ways of acting and speaking called in the context of social interaction?
• What characterizes a sweatshop?
• What is the term used to describe the difference between the value workers produce and the wages they are paid?
• What is the mechanism primarily involved in socialization?
• Which of the following is NOT a component of the criminal justice system?
• What defines the concept of 'gender expression'?
• What type of norms are often based on tradition and customs?
• What is a characteristic struggle highlighted by conflict theory?
• What does the term sportswashing refer to?
• What does the term 'race to the bottom' indicate?
• How is subjectivity defined in a sociological context?
• What is meant by 'sociological imagination'?
• Which characteristic defines a fixed mindset in individuals?
• What is the primary function of media according to conflict theory?
• How does symbolic interactionism enhance understanding of diverse perspectives?
• In the context of sociology, what is a primary concern of political globalization?
• Which term describes the aspects of self reserved for private areas where individuals feel comfortable and do not manage impressions?
• Which term describes the discomfort that arises from holding conflicting beliefs or values?
• Which item is NOT a challenge to understanding the mental health epidemic?
• What does the term 'verstehen' mean?
• Which type of discrimination can be disguised as social norms?
• Which variation of globalization focuses on international interactions through education?
• What does structural functionalism view society as?
• What is one functionality emphasized by functionalist theories regarding social structures?
• What does microsociology primarily focus on?
• What is a "special economic zone"?
• What does the GINI coefficient measure?
• What is tribalism in sociological terms?
• Who benefits primarily from surplus value?
• What were Starlight Tours concerning Indigenous Canadians?
• Economic globalization includes which element?
• Which of the following is NOT a type of globalization mentioned?
• What would be an example of a master status?
• What encompasses gender socialization?
• Which concept describes costs or benefits imposed on others that are not reflected in market prices?
• What concept is referred to as a 'master status'?
• What impact does globalization have on workers' bargaining power?
• What are 'latent effects' in sociological terms?
• Why is the study of culture important in sociology?
• Which assertion is part of critical race theory?
• What type of rule is referred to as regulation in sociology?
• What is one reason environmental problems are discussed in sociological contexts?
• What is meant by 'self-serving bias'?
• Which of the following is NOT a sociological principle?
• What is the primary assumption of human capital theory?
• What does the term 'intersex' refer to?
• What does cultural relativism advocate for?
• What does the concept of mastery refer to?
• Which process involves an individual learning the norms and customs of a group through social interaction?
• What is a possible outcome of cognitive dissonance?
• What is an example of systemic discrimination?
• What does the term feedback loop mean in a social context?
• Which factor has contributed to the growth of inequality in Canada?
• What is a microaggression?
• Which group could be considered an example of a rebel?
• Who constitutes the bourgeoisie in society?
• What type of capital refers to monetary resources and wealth?
• Which perspective aligns with respecting and protecting cultural preferences?
• What happens to prices when demand is low and supply is high?
• Which of the following best describes the role of education in society according to structural functionalists?
• Structural sexism refers to sexism that is:
• What are folkways?
• What is the concept of toxic masculinity most closely associated with?
• What is meant by 'social construct' in sociology?
• Which of the following entities has control over corporations according to sociological perspectives?
• According to the concepts discussed, how do people create their social circumstances?
• What characterizes progressive tax rates?
• What is the primary characteristic of externalities in economics?
• Which measure of income is affected by very high scores?
• How does conflict theory explain the motives behind joining gangs?
• Which foundations are classified under bonding moral foundations?
• How is mainstream culture defined?
• Which of the following is characteristic of mores?
• What is NOT considered part of social globalization?
• What is a non-tariff barrier?
• Who is most likely to be identified as an "innovator" according to Merton's typology?
• A trade embargo typically indicates what?
• What role do symbols play in non-material culture?
• What effects does immediate gratification have on decision making?
• What encapsulates the definition of jobs in a sociological context?
• What term describes the process by which culture is passed down from one generation to the next?
• How do structural functionalists believe social problems are best solved?
• Which historical event contributed to the growth of mass media in the Western world?
• Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributed to the expansion of mass media?
• What is the term for when a child learns the values, beliefs, and attitudes of their culture through influences outside of their family?
• What are ideal types in sociology?
• Which concept refers to the preference for information that supports one’s existing views?
• What is hyperreality?
• Why is median income often preferred over average income in measurement?
• Which of the following best characterizes a rebel?
• Which statement best describes the law of supply and demand?
• Which of the following is NOT a reason for making education mandatory?
• What is the concept of relative deprivation primarily associated with?
• What is the meaning of "lexical gap" in relation to language?
• How do income quintiles help in understanding socio-economic status?
• In sociological terms, what does the word "spurious" refer to?
• According to symbolic interactionism, how is human behavior influenced?
• How does 'culture' encompass both material and non-material elements?
• Which aspect of labeling theory is pivotal for understanding social responses?
• Which concept involves the absorption of differing ethnic groups into a dominant culture?
• Which term refers to bias that operates outside of a person's awareness and contradicts their beliefs?
• According to conflict theory, which of the following contributes significantly to crime?
• Which term describes prioritizing grades over actual learning?
• Which of the following is NOT a component of non-material culture?
• What is the main concept of the sex positivity movement?
• What is 'decline bias'?
• What are ascribed statuses?
• Which of the following describes sampling bias?
• Self-esteem is best defined as:
• What describes the proletariat in a capitalist society?
• What is a common characteristic of traditional masculinity?
• What factor is NOT associated with cultural transmission?
• What differentiates ethnicity from race?
• What does the term 'brain drain' specifically refer to?
• What does rationalization in society imply?
• What is the definition of prejudice?
• Neuroscience primarily deals with which aspects of biological study?
• What does cultural diffusion primarily refer to?
• What does 'equality of opportunity' refer to in social competition?
• What approach involves managing impressions and following social norms in public interactions?
• Identifying with a group based on shared values is called what?
• Value rationality is best described as:
• What does socialization prepare individuals for in society?
• What does the Matthew effect describe?
• In sociological terms, what distinguishes a rebel from a retreatist?
• What characterizes extreme poverty?
• Which statement best describes ethnicity?
• Which statement is accurate regarding intersex individuals?
• What is described as popular culture?
• How is the obstinance of culture best described?
• What defines a "ritualist" in Merton's Strain Theory?
• What does the term hegemony imply in sociology?
• How is gender expression defined?
• What is the definition of a drug in the context of sociology?
• What does the term narcotization refer to in the context of media consumption?
• What do the terms 'hostile hallways' refer to in educational settings?
• How are retreatists generally viewed in the context of society?
• What is pluralism?
• What kind of behavior does conscious discrimination involve?
• In Merton's typology, what does a "conformist" do?
• Which term describes a belief that racial differences produce inherent superiority?
• Which of the following is NOT a tenet of symbolic interactionism?
• What does cultural displacement refer to?
• What does feminism advocate for in societal constructs?
• In sociology, what does it mean to 'see the general in the particular'?
• What are trade sanctions?
• Which statement is true about countercultures?
• What distinguishes hegemonic masculinity from toxic masculinity?
• What is meant by the 'matrix of oppression'?
• What is a key feature of free trade agreements?
• What does evolutionary theory suggest about human beings?
• What does the front stage refer to in the dramaturgical perspective?
• Which statement best reflects the concept of diversity in evolutionary theory?
• What does the term "formal social control" typically involve?
• Which term describes an individual’s internal experience of their gender?
• What type of crime does conflict theory primarily focus on?
• What describes the fundamental attribution error?
• What defines an embargo?
• Which term describes behaviors that are negatively sanctioned in a society?
• What does operationalizing involve in sociological research?
• According to the functionalist view, what is one purpose of media?
• In Marxist theory, what does the term "alienation" reference?
• What is meant by liquid modernity?
• Which concept emphasizes the equal standing of all cultural traditions?
• Which of the following concepts refers to a preference for social connections with similar individuals?
• Which of the following statements reflects the conflict theory view of crime?
• What is cultural diffusion?
• What characterizes overt discrimination?
• What is a direct consequence of the feedback loop created by media and politics?
• What perspective compares societal interactions to theatrical performance?
• What are countercultures specifically known for?
• What is the basis of standpoint theory?
• What do gender roles refer to?
• What is a levy in the context of taxation?
• What term describes the phenomenon where shared resources are overused and depleted due to lack of ownership?
• Which of the following describes a way to enhance objectivity in sociology?
• What does a quota do in trade policy?
• What does the term "implicit bias" mean?
• What underlying belief does the bad apple theory fall short of addressing?
• Multiculturalism promotes which of the following?
• What is traditional masculinity characterized by?
• Which one of the following statements best describes the impact of social media on science perception?
• What is an example of a non-tariff barrier?
• What does meritocracy emphasize as the basis for rewards?
• Individuals with a growth mindset believe:
• What foundation in moral foundation theory relates to purity and sanctity?
• What does the term 'innate' refer to?
• Which of the following is true regarding gender identity?
• What does cultural imperialism refer to?
• Ethnocentrism is best defined as?
• How does 'intersectionality' influence individuals from marginalized communities?
• Labeling theory suggests that:
• What type of survey might exhibit sampling bias?
• Which of the following best defines non-material culture?
• What is one potential outcome associated with being in a sweatshop?
• Which group is typically included in discussions of standpoint theory?
• What is cultural racism?
• What suggestion does conflict theory often make to reduce societal conflict?
• What is a key characteristic of structural functionalism?
• Why has immigration become a controversial topic in recent years?
• Which perspective does feminist theory primarily focus on?
• What does cultural lag refer to?
• What does the Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure?
• What does proportionality refer to in a sociological context?
• What is relative poverty?
• How is toxic masculinity defined?
• What is meant by systemic discrimination?
• Adaptive discrimination is often a result of:
• What is one of the primary focuses of feminist critiques of education?
• What does "power" refer to in Marxist theory?
• What is the primary role of law enforcement officials within the criminal justice system?
• What does conflict theory suggest about society?
• What does adaptive discrimination refer to?
• Which of the following is NOT a reason for the gender wage gap?
• What does social desirability bias affect in survey responses?
• What is the term for deliberately attempting to conceal unpleasant or incriminating facts?
• What describes the 'second shift' in sociology?
• How is race typically defined in sociological terms?
• Which of the following best describes the concept of regulation?
• Immediacy bias impacts individuals by favoring which type of gratification?
• Which bias refers to the tendency to look for information that confirms existing beliefs?
• Gender roles are primarily:
• What does racism entail?
• According to conflict theory, how do inequality patterns relate to social change?
• According to the tenets of structural functionalism, what typically governs human behavior?
• What defines subcultures?
• Which of the following best represents pluralism?
• What is the primary focus of sociology as a discipline?
• Which term describes the social influence exerted by a dominant group?
• What is one impact of low birth rates on immigration trends?
• What does informal social control refer to?
• What aspect of bureaucracy ensures that individuals within an organization fulfill their roles?
• How is sexism defined in sociological terms?
• Which tax system applies the same rate to all income levels?
• What describes mental illness in sociological terms?
• Which of the following best describes cultural patterns?
• What does objectivity in sociology refer to?
• What is the Dunning-Kruger effect?
• What term refers to the failure of a group to share resources fairly, leading to depletion of those resources?
• In terms of criminal behavior, what does the term "crimes of necessity" refer to?
• Which of the following is NOT a purpose of education from a structural functionalist perspective?
• Changes and inequality within the labor market are characterized by:
• What is one common characteristic of crime across all countries?
• What role does social location play in an individual's perspective?
• What best defines passive income?
• What does path dependency refer to?
• What does cultural sexism reveal?
• What is a primary focus of conflict theory in sociology?
• Instrumental/means-end rationality emphasizes:
• Active income refers to what type of earning?
• Which solution to the tragedy of the commons involves unacceptable fairness in a group?"?
• What does hegemonic masculinity promote?
• What does the term 'drawdown' refer to in environmental studies?
• Which of the following indicates a measure of economic inequality?
• Which of the following is a common characteristic of mental health?
• Which bias can lead to homogeneous group dynamics?
• What is a primary feature of abstract cultural qualities?
• Which of the following best defines formal social control?
• What defines achieved statuses?
• Which of the following is NOT part of the moral foundation theory?
• What is meant by job exportation or offshoring?
• What role does mass media play in social control according to sociological perspectives?
• What is a negative consequence of ethnocentrism?
• What is a key aspect of functionalist perspective on environmental issues?
• Which type of tax system can benefit lower-income earners?
• What does the bad apple theory suggest?
• What is the term used to describe an environment where a person only encounters beliefs or opinions that reinforce their own?
• According to the structural functionalist view, laws and crime serve what purpose in society?
• What defines absolute poverty?
• Which phenomenon involves the tendency for some survey respondents to misrepresent their attitudes?
• Why did the education system become mandatory?
• Conflict theory primarily attributes crime to which of the following factors?
• What does the contact hypothesis propose?
• Why is inequality often perceived as less problematic?
• What is the most common type of crime reported across countries?
• What does 'subtle' suggest about a sociological concept?
• According to feminist theory, what is a significant factor influencing a person's opportunities in life?
• What does post-modernism challenge?
• Which aspect does conflict theory often examine?
• What is male privilege?
• Which of the following is true about ideal types?
• What is the concept of intergenerational trauma?
• What is the impact of removing tariffs in a free trade agreement?
• What does the term "manifest function" refer to?
• Pull factors can be defined as:
• What is scapegoating?
• Which of the following best describes media ownership?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of unconscious discrimination?
• Which term describes the worldwide flow and integration of culture, economies, and technology?
• What is the societal response to retreatists typically characterized by?
• What does optimism bias refer to?
• In terms of socio-economic awareness, what does "assets" encompass?