In sociological terms, what distinguishes a rebel from a retreatist?

A rebel is distinct from a retreatist primarily in their attitude toward societal goals and their approach to change. A rebel actively rejects the established societal goals and instead seeks to create new ones, demonstrating a desire to fundamentally alter the societal framework rather than simply withdrawing from it. This perspective aligns with the sociological understanding of rebellion, which is characterized by active resistance to the status quo and an effort to instigate change through alternative visions.

In contrast, a retreatist withdraws from societal goals and means, opting out of the competitive framework of society without attempting to instigate change. This withdrawal signifies a resignation rather than a motivated pursuit of new objectives. Thus, the rebel’s proactive stance in challenging societal norms and proposing new alternatives clearly sets them apart from a retreatist, who is disengaged rather than revolutionary.