Which concept refers to the preference for information that supports one’s existing views?

The concept that refers to the preference for information that supports one’s existing views is confirmation bias. This cognitive phenomenon occurs when individuals favor, interpret, or recall information in a way that confirms their preexisting beliefs or hypotheses. It plays a significant role in how people process information, leading them to overlook or discount contradictory evidence that may challenge their views.

People often seek out information sources or opinions that align with their beliefs, reinforcing their original stance instead of considering a more balanced perspective. This can create echo chambers, where individuals are surrounded by like-minded opinions, ultimately hindering critical thinking and open-mindedness.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately capture this concept. Self-serving bias relates to the tendency for individuals to attribute positive events to their own actions and negative events to external factors, which is different from the specific preference for confirming one’s beliefs. Decline bias isn't a recognized psychological term relevant to this context, and the sociological imagination refers to the ability to connect personal experiences with larger social structures, rather than a cognitive bias related to information consumption. Thus, confirmation bias is the most fitting answer.