Which of the following describes sampling bias?

Sampling bias occurs when the method of selecting individuals for a study favor certain groups over others, leading to a sample that is not representative of the larger population. This can introduce systematic errors in the results and conclusions derived from the research.

When a survey intentionally excludes certain groups, it creates a skewed perspective that does not accurately reflect the diversity or characteristics of the entire population. For instance, if a survey about public health excludes lower-income individuals, the findings may not accurately represent health issues affecting all socioeconomic strata.

In contrast, random sampling aims to include participants from various demographics without bias, thereby increasing the likelihood that the sample accurately reflects the broader population. A method ensuring diverse representation seeks to encompass a variety of perspectives and backgrounds, further mitigating the risk of bias. Data analysis, while essential in interpreting data, does not inherently describe the selection process that leads to sampling bias.